====== Frontiersman ======

Insbesondere im US-Amerikanischen bezeichnet frontiersman jemanden, der in der [[wiki:frontier|frontier]] lebt, also jenseits der sicheren [[wiki:grenze|Grenze]], in neu und dünn besiedeltem Gebiet (//Plainsman//, Einwohner der plains), in der [[wiki:wildnis|Wildnis]], auch ein [[wiki:Hinterwäldler|Hinterwäldler]], [[wiki:grenzgaenger|Grenzgänger]] oder [[wiki:waldlaeufer|Waldläufer]], aber kein [[wiki:man_of_the_bush|man of the bush]], sondern beispielsweise ein army surgeon, camp cook, cattleman, cowboy, mail coach driver, freighter, [[wiki:white_hunter|hunter]], [[wiki:dolmetscher|interpreter]], [[wiki:pionier|pioneer]], [[wiki:ranger|ranger]], scapegoat, trail-driver, [[wiki:trapper|trapper]], trader ...

===== Literatur =====

Western frontiersmen series: Arthur H. Clark Company, Glendale, Calif., 1937- zuletzt in Kooperation mit University of Oklahoma Press, Norman.

  * 1 1937 ''Robert Beebe David''\\ ''Finn'' [Fincelius G.] ''Burnett'' [1844--1933], Frontiersman. The life and adventures of an Indian fighter, mail coach driver, etc. [With a portrait.]
  * 2 1940 ''J. V. Frederick''\\ ''Ben Holladay'' [1819-1887], the stagecoach king; a chapter in the development of transcontinental transportation
  * 3 1964 ''Zoe A. Tilghman''\\ Marshal of the last [[wiki:frontier|frontier]]; life and services of ''William Matthew (Bill) Tilghman'' [1854-1924], for 50 years one of the greatest peace officers of the West
  * 4 1953 ''Angie Debo''\\ The cowman's Southwest : being the reminiscences of ''Oliver Nelson'' [1861--1957], freighter, camp cook, cowboy, frontiersman in Kansas, Indian Territory, Texas, and Oklahoma, 1878-1893.  * 
  * 5 1955 ''Otis E. Young''\\ The West of ''Philip St. George Cooke'', 1809-1895
  * 6 1987 ''Agnes Wright Spring''\\ [[wiki:pionier|Pioneer]] years in the Black Hills. ''Richard B. Hughes'' [1856--1930]
  * 7 1957 ''Raymond W. Thorp''\\ Spirit Gun of the West. The story of ''Doc W.F. Carver'' [1840–1927], etc. 
  * 8 1961 ''Aurora Hunt''\\ ''Kirby Benedict'' [1810-1874], frontier Federal judge; an account of legal and judicial development in the Southwest, 1853-1874, with special reference to the Indian, slavery, social and political affairs, journalism, and a chapter on circuit riding with ''Abraham Lincoln'' in Illinois
  * 9 1961/1972 ''Juanita Brooks''\\ ''John Doyle Lee'' [1812-1877] : zealot, pioneer, builder, scapegoat
  * 10 1965 ''Allen A. Edwin''\\ The Southwest of ''John H. Slaughter'', 1841-1922 : pioneer, cattleman and trail-driver of Texas, the Pecos, and Arizona and sheriff of Tombstone
  * 11 1964 M. O. Skarsten\\ ''George Drouillard'', Hunter and Interpreter for Lewis and Clark and Fur Trader, 1807–1810.
  * 12 1965 ''Iris Wilson Engstrand''\\ ''William Wolfskill'', 1798-1866 : frontier [[wiki:trapper|trapper]] to California ranchero
  * 13 1966 ''David Michael Goodman''\\ A western panorama 1849-1875, the travels, writings and influence of ''J. Ross Browne'' [1821-1875] on the Pacific coast, and in Texas, Nevada, Arizona and Baja California, as the first mining Commissioner and as Minister to China
  * 14 1970 ''Charles G. Clarke''\\ The men of the Lewis and Clark expedition : a biography roster of the 51 members and comoposite diary of their acitivities from all known sources
  * 15 1974 ''Stan Hoig''\\ The western odyssey of ''John Simpson Smith''[1810-1871] : frontiersman, trapper, trader, and interpreter. [[https://www.gbv.de/dms/bowker/toc/9780806136028.pdf|Inhalt]]
  * 16 1975 ''Donald Chaput ''\\ ''Francois X. Aubry'' [1824-1854], Trader, Trailmaker and [[wiki:voyageurs|Voyageur]] in the Southwest, 1846-1854. [[https://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0602/74027225.html|Inhalt]]
  * 17 1977 ''Sheldon G. Jackson''\\ A British ranchero in old California : the life and times of ''Henry Dalton'' [1803-1884] and the Rancho Azusa
  * 18 1977 ''George R. Brooks''\\ The Southwest expedition of ''Jedediah S. Smith'' [1799–1831] : his personal account of the journey to California, 1826-1827 
  * 19 1979 ''Eldon G. Chuinard''\\ Only one man died : the medical aspects of the Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804-1806)
  * 20 1983 ''Carl Briggs'', ''Clyde Francis Trudell''\\ Quarterdeck & saddlehorn : the story of ''Edward F. Beale'', 1822-1893
  * 21 1988 ''Mark Joseph Stegmaier'', ''David Humphreys Miller''\\ ''James F. Milligan'' [1829-1899]: his journal of Fremont's [1813-1890] fifth expedition, 1853-1854, his adventurous life on land and sea
  * 22 1990 ''David J. Weber''\\ The Californios versus ''Jedediah Smith'', 1826-1827 : a new cache of documents
  * 23 1989 ''Ronnie C. Tyler''\\ Wanderings in the Southwest in 1855. - ''J. D. B. Stillman'' [1819-1888]
  * 24 1995 ''Charles B. Churchill''\\ Adventurers and prophets : American autobiographers in Mexican California, 1828-1847
  * 25 1995 ''Anna Jean Backus''\\ Mountain Meadows witness : the life and times of ''Bishop Philip Klingensmith'' [1817– um 1903]. Includes reprint of The Mountain Meadows Massacre : a special report / by James Henry Carleton, 1859
  * 26 1995 ''Patricia Roche Herring''\\ General ''José Cosme Urrea'' : his life and times, 1797-1849
  * 27 1999 ''Donald E. Rowland''\\ ''John Rowland'' [1791-1873] and ''William Workman'' [1799-1876]: Southern California pioneers of 1841
  * 28 2000 ''Lesley Wischmann''\\ Frontier diplomats : the life and times of ''Alexander Culbertson'' [1809–1879] and ''Natoyist-Siksinaʼ'' [um 1825–1893, =Natawista Iksina, =Natawista Iksana, =Natúyi-tsíxina]
  * 29 2001 ''L. Milton Woods''\\ ''John Clay'', Jr. [1851-1934]: commission man, banker, and rancher
  * 30 2003 ''L. Milton Woods''\\ ''Asa Shinn Mercer'' : western promoter and newspaperman, 1839-1917
  * 30 (=31?) 2004 ''Michael J. Gillis'', ''Michael F. Magliari''\\ ''John Bidwell'' [1819-1900] and California : the life and writings of a [[wiki:pionier|pioneer]], 1841-1900 
  * 32 2005 ''William B. Secrest''\\ The man from the Rio Grande : a biography of ''Harry Love'' [1810-1868], [[wiki:fuehrer|leader]] of the California [[wiki:ranger|rangers]] who tracked down ''Joaquín Murrieta'' [1829–1853]
  * 33 2005 ''Susan M. Colby''\\ Sacagawea's child : the life and times of ''Jean-Baptiste (Pomp) Charbonneau'' [1805–1866]
  * 34 2010 ''Lawrence M. Woods''\\ ''Horace Plunkett'' [1854-1932] in America. An Irish Aristocrat on the Wyoming Range
  * 35 2015 ''Candy Vyvey Moulton''\\ ''Valentine T. McGillycuddy'' [1849–1939] : army surgeon, agent to the Sioux
  * 36 2011 ''John Phillip Reid''\\ Forging a fur empire : expeditions in the Snake River country, 1809-1824
  * 37 2014 ''John Gary Maxwell''\\ ''Robert Newton Baskin'' [1835-1918] and the Making of Modern Utah
  * 38 2014 ''Lesley Wischmann''\\ This Far-Off Wild Land : the Upper Missouri Letters of ''Andrew Dawson'' [1817-1871]